Hoʻemi ka hoʻolimalima kālā semiconductor i 2024

Ua hoʻolaha ʻo Pelekikena ʻAmelika ʻo Joe Biden i ka Pōʻakolu i kahi ʻaelike e hāʻawi iā Intel me $ 8.5 biliona ma ke kālā pololei a me $ 11 biliona i nā hōʻaiʻē ma lalo o ka Chip and Science Act.E hoʻohana ʻo Intel i ke kālā no nā mea hana ma Arizona, Ohio, New Mexico a me Oregon.E like me kā mākou i hōʻike ai i kā mākou nūhou Kekemapa 2023, hāʻawi ka CHIPS Act i ka huina o $ 52.7 biliona no ka ʻoihana semiconductor US, me ka $ 39 biliona i nā mea hoʻoikaika hana.Ma mua o ka hāʻawi kālā Intel, ua hoʻolaha ka CHIPS Act i ka huina o $ 1.7 biliona i nā haʻawina i GlobalFoundries, Microchip Technology a me BAE Systems, e like me ka Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA).

Ua neʻe mālie nā haʻawina ma lalo o ke kānāwai CHIPS, ʻaʻole i hoʻolaha ʻia ka haʻawina mua ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o kona hoʻoholo ʻana.Ua lohi ʻia kekahi mau papahana fab nui US ma muli o ka lohi o ka uku.Ua ʻike pū ʻo TSMC he paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o nā limahana hana kūpono.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Intel no ka lohi ʻana o ke kūʻai aku.

Ua hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​ʻāina ʻē aʻe i nā kālā e hoʻonui i ka hana semiconductor.I Kepakemapa 2023, ua ʻae ka European Union i ka European Chip Act, e hāʻawi ana i 43 biliona euros ($47 biliona) o ka lehulehu a me ka pilikino pilikino i ka ʻoihana semiconductor.I Nowemapa 2023, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻo Iapana i 2 trillion yen ($13 biliona) no ka hana semiconductor.Ua kau ʻo Taiwan i ke kānāwai i Ianuali 2024 e hāʻawi i nā ʻauhau ʻauhau no nā hui semiconductor.Ua hoʻoholo ʻo South Korea i kahi bila i Malaki 2023 e hāʻawi i nā ʻauhau ʻauhau no nā ʻenehana hoʻolālā, me nā semiconductors.Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Kina e hoʻokumu i kahi kālā kākoʻo aupuni he $ 40 biliona e kākoʻo i kāna ʻoihana semiconductor.

He aha ka manaʻo no ka hoʻolimalima kālā (CapEx) i ka ʻoihana semiconductor i kēia makahiki?Ua manaʻo ʻia ka CHIPS Act e hoʻoulu i ka hoʻolimalima kālā, akā ʻaʻole e ʻike ʻia ka hapa nui o ka hopena a hiki i ka makahiki 2024. Ua hāʻule ka mākeke semiconductor i ka 8.2 pakeneka i ka makahiki i hala, a he nui nā hui e makaʻala e pili ana i ka hoʻolimalima kālā ma 2024. ʻO mākou ma Semiconductor Intelligence manaʻo i ka huina semiconductor capex no 2023 ma $169 biliona, ma lalo o 7% mai 2022. Manaʻo mākou i ka emi ʻana o 2% o ka hoʻolimalima kālā ma 2024.

ʻO ka lakio o nā lilo semiconductor capital i ka nui o ka mākeke mai kahi kiʻekiʻe o 34% a i kahi haʻahaʻa o 12%.ʻO ka awelika makahiki ʻelima ma waena o 28% a me 18%.No ka manawa holoʻokoʻa mai 1980 a 2023, ʻo ka nui o nā lilo kālā he 23% o ka mākeke semiconductor.ʻOiai ka volatility, ʻo ke ʻano lōʻihi o ka lākiō ua kūlike loa.Ma muli o ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke ikaika a me ka emi ʻana o ka capex, manaʻo mākou e hāʻule ka ratio mai 32% i 2023 a i 27% i 2024.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā wanana no ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke semiconductor i 2024 aia ma waena o 13% a 20%.ʻO kā mākou wānana naʻauao semiconductor he 18%.Inā ikaika ka hana 2024 e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, hiki i ka hui ke hoʻonui i kāna mau hoʻolālā kālā kālā i ka manawa.Hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i kahi loli maikaʻi i ka semiconductor capex ma 2024.